Denis Diderot and Jean Baptiste Le Rond d'Alembert: "Chirurgie," in:<br>[http://encyclopedie.uchicago.edu/ Encyclopédie, ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers]<br>1772'''<br><br>'''
Denis Diderot and Jean Baptiste Le Rond d'Alembert: "Chirurgie," in:<br>[http://encyclopedie.uchicago.edu/ Encyclopédie, ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers]<br>1772'''<br><br>'''
The listing of the three areas—medicine, culture, and beauty—in the subtitle of my Living Book on cosmetic surgery is not coincidental. The practice of cosmetic surgery—a surgical intervention into the body for merely aesthetic and not medical reasons—is a medical discipline, dating back to the times of the Hindu doctor [http://www.ispub.com/ostia/index.php?xmlFilePath=journals/ijps/vol4n2/sushruta.xml Sushruta], who practiced rhinoplasty c. 500 BCE. The promise on which this medical discipline operates is, however, not only that of ‘health,’ but also that of ‘beauty,’ be it a restorative beauty that seeks to ‘repair’ what has been lost (due to age, accident, or illness)—hence reconstructive surgery—or a beauty that is yet to be born, or ‘carved out,’ with the help of an aesthetic surgeon's scalpel and with reference to the grounding pillars of beauty: symmetry and proportion. In both cases, the desire for such beauty can be defined as a cultural phenomenon: in the sense that it affects the way we humans look, what we want, and the way we define our appearance and correlate it to our inner qualities and characteristics. ([http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/Cosmetic_surgery/Introduction more])<br>
==== ====
Bernadette Wegenstein
Introduction
== Public Health <br> ==
== Public Health <br> ==
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[http://www.plasmetic.com/latest-trends/rhinoplasty/dr-oleh-slupchynskyj-develops-a-nasal-asa-implant-for-african-american-rhinoplasty.html Nasal "S" Implant for African American Rhinoplasty]
[http://www.plasmetic.com/latest-trends/rhinoplasty/dr-oleh-slupchynskyj-develops-a-nasal-asa-implant-for-african-american-rhinoplasty.html Nasal "S" Implant for African American Rhinoplasty]
[http://www.gentryvisualization.com/A-B3.html Medical Illustration by Jennifer Gentry]
[http://www.gentryvisualization.com/A-B3.html Medical Illustration by Jennifer Gentry]
[http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/avon_foundation_breast_center/treatments_services/breast_surgical_oncology/mastectomy.html Mastectomy and Breast Reconstruction Info from The Johns Hopkins University Hospital]
[http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/avon_foundation_breast_center/treatments_services/breast_surgical_oncology/mastectomy.html Mastectomy and Breast Reconstruction Info from The Johns Hopkins University Hospital]
The listing of the three areas—medicine, culture, and beauty—in the subtitle of my Living Book on cosmetic surgery is not coincidental. The practice of cosmetic surgery—a surgical intervention into the body for merely aesthetic and not medical reasons—is a medical discipline, dating back to the times of the Hindu doctor Sushruta, who practiced rhinoplasty c. 500 BCE. The promise on which this medical discipline operates is, however, not only that of ‘health,’ but also that of ‘beauty,’ be it a restorative beauty that seeks to ‘repair’ what has been lost (due to age, accident, or illness)—hence reconstructive surgery—or a beauty that is yet to be born, or ‘carved out,’ with the help of an aesthetic surgeon's scalpel and with reference to the grounding pillars of beauty: symmetry and proportion. In both cases, the desire for such beauty can be defined as a cultural phenomenon: in the sense that it affects the way we humans look, what we want, and the way we define our appearance and correlate it to our inner qualities and characteristics. (more)
Roberta J. Honigman, MSW; Alun C. Jackson, PhD; and Nicki A. Dowling, PhD The PreFACE: A Preoperative Psychosocial Screen for Elective Facial Cosmetic Surgery and Cosmetic Dentistry Patients (PDF)
