Living Books About Life - User contributions [en-gb]

Symbiosis

2016-06-21T06:55:55Z

Pete: /* Endosymbiosis */

[[Image:Symbiosis1.jpg|right|318x450px|Symbiosis1.jpg]]
Ecologies, Assemblages and Evolution

[http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/ISBN_Numbers ISBN: 978-1-60785-271-1]

''edited by'' [http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/Symbiosis/bio Janneke Adema and Pete Woodbridge]
__TOC__
== [http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/Symbiosis/Introduction Introduction: Symbiosis as a Living Evolving Critique] ==

<youtube>FPGH7pk5RlQ</youtube>

Different species, interacting in a symbiotic fashion, living together over a prolonged period of time, eventually co-evolving into new species: this vision of the biological phenomenon of symbiosis has created a strong impression—both of symbiosis as a metaphor and a material reality—of species in an intimate relationship together, cooperating in spite of differences, of becoming something else and transgressing boundaries. This idea has turned the concept of symbiosis, in its many guises and definitions, into a breeding ground for a posthuman, biologically and ecologically informed critique. Less focused on the biological process of symbiosis as such, our focus in Symbiosis: Ecologies, Assemblages and Evolution is more on how symbiosis can be used as a means to argue for an alternative worldview and even a better world.... ([http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/Symbiosis/Introduction more])

== Symbiosis and Evolution ==
{{#widget:Vimeo|id=7461457}}

; Watson, R. A. and Pollack, J. B. : [http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/12009/ How Symbiosis Can Guide Evolution]
; Fabio Lucian and Samuel Alizon : [http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pcbi.1000565 The Evolutionary Dynamics of a Rapidly Mutating Virus within and between Hosts: The Case of Hepatitis C Virus ]
; Wired Science : [http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2010/01/green-sea-slug/ Green Sea Slug Is Part Animal, Part Plant]

=== Endosymbiosis ===

[[Image:Endosymbiosis.png]]

; Jian Xu, Michael A. Mahowald, Ruth E. Ley et.al. : [http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0050156 Evolution of Symbiotic Bacteria in the Distal Human Intestine]

; Jennifer J. Wernegreen : [http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.0020068 Endosymbiosis: Lessons in Conflict Resolution]

=== Symbiogenetics ===
; Lynn Margulis : [http://books.google.com/books?id=3sKzeiHUIUQC&lpg=PP1&dq=inauthor%3A%22Lynn%20Margulis%22&pg=PA1#v=onepage&q&f=false Symbiogenesis and Symbionticism]
; Ivan Emmanuel Wallin : [http://www.archive.org/download/symbionticismori00wall/symbionticismori00wall.pdf Symbionticism and the origin of species (1927)]

== Symbiosis and Ecology ==
=== Community Ecology ===
; Jos C. Mieog, Jeanine L. Olsen, Ray Berkelmans et.al. : [http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0006364 The Roles and Interactions of Symbiont, Host and Environment in Defining Coral Fitness]

<youtube>hbveXyfIllY</youtube> <youtube>LBR4pEC7kwU</youtube>

=== Biodiversity and complexity ===
; Christina Toft, Tom A. Williams, and Mario A. Fares : [http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pcbi.1000344 Genome-Wide Functional Divergence after the Symbiosis of Proteobacteria with Insects Unraveled through a Novel Computational Approach]

=== Interdependence ===
; Timothy Morton – Thinking Ecology<nowiki>:</nowiki> The Mesh Part 1: <youtube>R-mWCPa9y3c</youtube>
; Timothy Morton – : [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=viiA5s8DV7I Thinking Ecology: The Mesh Part 2]
; Timothy Morton – : [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BNl6fOd26Q0 Thinking Ecology: The Mesh Part 3]

=== Life Systems and Gaia Hypothesis ===
; Fritjof Capra : [http://www.mountainman.com.au/f_capra.html The Turning Point: Chapter on the Systems View of Life]
; Stephen B. Scharper : [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-h4UqAHe4MMC&lpg=PA53&ots=vVwmgq055Q&dq=james%20lovelock%20gaia%20symbiosis&lr&pg=PA53#v=onepage&q=james%20lovelock%20gaia%20symbiosis&f=false The Gaia Hypothesis. The world as a living organism]
; Timothy Morton : [http://itunes.apple.com/gb/itunes-u/literature-environment-fall/id399641376 Lynn Margulis, Symbiosis, Ethics] Track 30 of Literature and the Environment
; Lynn Margulis, Stephen Buhner and John Seed : Activism, Deep Ecology & the Gaian Era
<youtube>Zc99ikb3KXY</youtube>

=== Media Ecologies ===
; Matthew Fuller : [http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/chapters/026256226Xintro1.pdf Media Ecologies ]

== Symbiosis and Posthumanism ==
=== Human/Machine Symbiosis ===
; J.C.R. Licklider : [http://memex.org/licklider.pdf Man-Computer symbiosis]
; Gerwin Schalk : [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2722922/ Brain-Computer Symbiosis]

<youtube>oLalkcMDCwg</youtube>

=== Symbiotic Intelligence===
; David E. Moriarty and Risto Miikkulainen : [http://nn.cs.utexas.edu/?moriarty:ec97 Forming Neural Networks Through Efficient and Adaptive Coevolution]
; Norman L. Johnson and S. Rasmussen: [http://collectivescience.com/deeper_overview.html Symbiotic Intelligence and the Internet: A Deeper Overview]

===Human-animal hybrids, chimeras and symbiosis ===
; Anant Bhan, Peter A Singer, and Abdallah S Daar : [http://biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1472-698X-10-8.PDF Human-animal chimeras for vaccine development: an endangered species or opportunity for the developing world?]

=== Machinic assemblages: Bugs, machines and viruses ===
; Susan Schuppli : [http://www.cosmosandhistory.org/index.php/journal/article/download/103-222-1-PB.PDF Of Mice Moths and Men Machines]
; Jussi Parikka : [http://four.fibreculturejournal.org/fcj-019-digital-monsters-binary-aliens-%E2%80%93-computer-viruses-capitalism-and-the-flow-of-information/ Digital Monsters, Binary Aliens – Computer Viruses, Capitalism and the Flow of Information]

<youtube>XwpHhkXnWeA</youtube>

== Symbiosis and Augmentation ==

<youtube>VCYrW-G9Y6I</youtube>
; Justin C. Sanchez, Babak Mahmoudi, Jack DiGiovanna, Jose C. Principe : [http://www.bme.miami.edu/nrg/publications/journal/journal%2019.pdf Exploiting co-adaptation for the design of symbiotic neuroprosthetic assistants]
; Mitchell Whitelaw : [http://www.hostprods.net/text/symbiotic-circuits/ Andy Gracie: Symbiotic Circuits]
; Melinda Rackham : [http://www.culturemachine.net/index.php/cm/article/view/291/276 Carrier becoming symborg]
; Melinda Rackham and Damien Everett : [http://collection.eliterature.org/1/works/rackham_everett__carrier_becoming_symborg.html Carrier (becoming symborg)]
; Christian Bök : [http://www.law.ed.ac.uk/ahrc/script-ed/vol5-2/editorial.asp The Xenotext Experiment]

== [http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/Symbiosis/Attributions Attributions] ==

== A 'Frozen' PDF Version of this Living Book ==
; [http://livingbooksaboutlife.org/pdfs/bookarchive/Symbiosis.pdf Download a 'frozen' PDF version of this book as it appeared on 7th October 2011]

Symbiosis

2016-06-21T06:55:18Z

Pete: /* Endosymbiosis */

[[Image:Symbiosis1.jpg|right|318x450px|Symbiosis1.jpg]]
Ecologies, Assemblages and Evolution

[http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/ISBN_Numbers ISBN: 978-1-60785-271-1]

''edited by'' [http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/Symbiosis/bio Janneke Adema and Pete Woodbridge]
__TOC__
== [http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/Symbiosis/Introduction Introduction: Symbiosis as a Living Evolving Critique] ==

<youtube>FPGH7pk5RlQ</youtube>

Different species, interacting in a symbiotic fashion, living together over a prolonged period of time, eventually co-evolving into new species: this vision of the biological phenomenon of symbiosis has created a strong impression—both of symbiosis as a metaphor and a material reality—of species in an intimate relationship together, cooperating in spite of differences, of becoming something else and transgressing boundaries. This idea has turned the concept of symbiosis, in its many guises and definitions, into a breeding ground for a posthuman, biologically and ecologically informed critique. Less focused on the biological process of symbiosis as such, our focus in Symbiosis: Ecologies, Assemblages and Evolution is more on how symbiosis can be used as a means to argue for an alternative worldview and even a better world.... ([http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/Symbiosis/Introduction more])

== Symbiosis and Evolution ==
{{#widget:Vimeo|id=7461457}}

; Watson, R. A. and Pollack, J. B. : [http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/12009/ How Symbiosis Can Guide Evolution]
; Fabio Lucian and Samuel Alizon : [http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pcbi.1000565 The Evolutionary Dynamics of a Rapidly Mutating Virus within and between Hosts: The Case of Hepatitis C Virus ]
; Wired Science : [http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2010/01/green-sea-slug/ Green Sea Slug Is Part Animal, Part Plant]

=== Endosymbiosis ===

[[Image:Endosymbiosis.png200x300px|Endosymbiosis.png200x300px]]

; Jian Xu, Michael A. Mahowald, Ruth E. Ley et.al. : [http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0050156 Evolution of Symbiotic Bacteria in the Distal Human Intestine]

; Jennifer J. Wernegreen : [http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pbio.0020068 Endosymbiosis: Lessons in Conflict Resolution]

=== Symbiogenetics ===
; Lynn Margulis : [http://books.google.com/books?id=3sKzeiHUIUQC&lpg=PP1&dq=inauthor%3A%22Lynn%20Margulis%22&pg=PA1#v=onepage&q&f=false Symbiogenesis and Symbionticism]
; Ivan Emmanuel Wallin : [http://www.archive.org/download/symbionticismori00wall/symbionticismori00wall.pdf Symbionticism and the origin of species (1927)]

== Symbiosis and Ecology ==
=== Community Ecology ===
; Jos C. Mieog, Jeanine L. Olsen, Ray Berkelmans et.al. : [http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0006364 The Roles and Interactions of Symbiont, Host and Environment in Defining Coral Fitness]

<youtube>hbveXyfIllY</youtube> <youtube>LBR4pEC7kwU</youtube>

=== Biodiversity and complexity ===
; Christina Toft, Tom A. Williams, and Mario A. Fares : [http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pcbi.1000344 Genome-Wide Functional Divergence after the Symbiosis of Proteobacteria with Insects Unraveled through a Novel Computational Approach]

=== Interdependence ===
; Timothy Morton – Thinking Ecology<nowiki>:</nowiki> The Mesh Part 1: <youtube>R-mWCPa9y3c</youtube>
; Timothy Morton – : [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=viiA5s8DV7I Thinking Ecology: The Mesh Part 2]
; Timothy Morton – : [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BNl6fOd26Q0 Thinking Ecology: The Mesh Part 3]

=== Life Systems and Gaia Hypothesis ===
; Fritjof Capra : [http://www.mountainman.com.au/f_capra.html The Turning Point: Chapter on the Systems View of Life]
; Stephen B. Scharper : [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=-h4UqAHe4MMC&lpg=PA53&ots=vVwmgq055Q&dq=james%20lovelock%20gaia%20symbiosis&lr&pg=PA53#v=onepage&q=james%20lovelock%20gaia%20symbiosis&f=false The Gaia Hypothesis. The world as a living organism]
; Timothy Morton : [http://itunes.apple.com/gb/itunes-u/literature-environment-fall/id399641376 Lynn Margulis, Symbiosis, Ethics] Track 30 of Literature and the Environment
; Lynn Margulis, Stephen Buhner and John Seed : Activism, Deep Ecology & the Gaian Era
<youtube>Zc99ikb3KXY</youtube>

=== Media Ecologies ===
; Matthew Fuller : [http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/chapters/026256226Xintro1.pdf Media Ecologies ]

== Symbiosis and Posthumanism ==
=== Human/Machine Symbiosis ===
; J.C.R. Licklider : [http://memex.org/licklider.pdf Man-Computer symbiosis]
; Gerwin Schalk : [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2722922/ Brain-Computer Symbiosis]

<youtube>oLalkcMDCwg</youtube>

=== Symbiotic Intelligence===
; David E. Moriarty and Risto Miikkulainen : [http://nn.cs.utexas.edu/?moriarty:ec97 Forming Neural Networks Through Efficient and Adaptive Coevolution]
; Norman L. Johnson and S. Rasmussen: [http://collectivescience.com/deeper_overview.html Symbiotic Intelligence and the Internet: A Deeper Overview]

===Human-animal hybrids, chimeras and symbiosis ===
; Anant Bhan, Peter A Singer, and Abdallah S Daar : [http://biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1472-698X-10-8.PDF Human-animal chimeras for vaccine development: an endangered species or opportunity for the developing world?]

=== Machinic assemblages: Bugs, machines and viruses ===
; Susan Schuppli : [http://www.cosmosandhistory.org/index.php/journal/article/download/103-222-1-PB.PDF Of Mice Moths and Men Machines]
; Jussi Parikka : [http://four.fibreculturejournal.org/fcj-019-digital-monsters-binary-aliens-%E2%80%93-computer-viruses-capitalism-and-the-flow-of-information/ Digital Monsters, Binary Aliens – Computer Viruses, Capitalism and the Flow of Information]

<youtube>XwpHhkXnWeA</youtube>

== Symbiosis and Augmentation ==

<youtube>VCYrW-G9Y6I</youtube>
; Justin C. Sanchez, Babak Mahmoudi, Jack DiGiovanna, Jose C. Principe : [http://www.bme.miami.edu/nrg/publications/journal/journal%2019.pdf Exploiting co-adaptation for the design of symbiotic neuroprosthetic assistants]
; Mitchell Whitelaw : [http://www.hostprods.net/text/symbiotic-circuits/ Andy Gracie: Symbiotic Circuits]
; Melinda Rackham : [http://www.culturemachine.net/index.php/cm/article/view/291/276 Carrier becoming symborg]
; Melinda Rackham and Damien Everett : [http://collection.eliterature.org/1/works/rackham_everett__carrier_becoming_symborg.html Carrier (becoming symborg)]
; Christian Bök : [http://www.law.ed.ac.uk/ahrc/script-ed/vol5-2/editorial.asp The Xenotext Experiment]

== [http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/Symbiosis/Attributions Attributions] ==

== A 'Frozen' PDF Version of this Living Book ==
; [http://livingbooksaboutlife.org/pdfs/bookarchive/Symbiosis.pdf Download a 'frozen' PDF version of this book as it appeared on 7th October 2011]

Symbiosis

2016-06-21T06:53:42Z

Pete: /* Endosymbiosis */

File:Endosymbiosis.png

2016-06-21T06:52:12Z

Pete: Endosymbiosis

== Summary ==
Endosymbiosis
== Licensing ==
{{subst:uwl}}

Symbiosis/bio

2014-02-11T22:38:41Z

Pete:

[http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/Symbiosis Back to the book]

[http://openreflections.wordpress.com Janneke Adema] is a PhD student in the Department of Media and Communication at Coventry University. She is the author of the OAPEN report Overview of Open Access Models for eBooks in the Humanities and Social Sciences (2010), and co-author of OAPEN – Open Access Publishing in European Networks: Report on Best Practices and Recommendations (2010). She has published in amongst others New Review of Academic Librarianship, Krisis. Journal for Contemporary Philosophy, and LOGOS: The Journal of the World Book Community. Currently she is writing a dissertation on the future of the monograph. Her research practice focuses on issues of openness, remix, authorship and integrity, through which she explores and critically analyses the discourse and power struggle surrounding the scholarly monograph. Her research, which can be seen as both a theoretical and practical intervention into this debate, can be accessed and followed, as it develops, on www.openreflections.wordpress.com

[http://www.petewoodbridge.info Peter Woodbridge] is a Digital Media and Culture Lecturer in the Department of Media at Coventry University and Course Director for the [http://www.coventry.ac.uk/course-structure/2014/school-of-art-and-design/undergraduate-degree/digital-media-ba/ Digital Media BA Degree]. His research includes instigating a number of innovations in Open Culture within the Creative Arts and Humanities, including leading the development on transmedia projects which have helped to make thousands of hours of Open Educational Resources available freely online. This includes working across a number of platform and application development projects within Higher Education. He has a number of publications and book chapters in the area of digital media and the creative arts. He is also co-founder of the Liquid Theory TV project and an Open Class in Creative Activism. His current research focuses on critical performativity in digital media; addressing digital participation, access and new modes of co-collaboration in the digital sphere.

Symbiosis/bio

2014-02-11T22:38:15Z

Pete:

[http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/Symbiosis Back to the book]

[http://openreflections.wordpress.com Janneke Adema] is a PhD student in the Department of Media and Communication at Coventry University. She is the author of the OAPEN report Overview of Open Access Models for eBooks in the Humanities and Social Sciences (2010), and co-author of OAPEN – Open Access Publishing in European Networks: Report on Best Practices and Recommendations (2010). She has published in amongst others New Review of Academic Librarianship, Krisis. Journal for Contemporary Philosophy, and LOGOS: The Journal of the World Book Community. Currently she is writing a dissertation on the future of the monograph. Her research practice focuses on issues of openness, remix, authorship and integrity, through which she explores and critically analyses the discourse and power struggle surrounding the scholarly monograph. Her research, which can be seen as both a theoretical and practical intervention into this debate, can be accessed and followed, as it develops, on www.openreflections.wordpress.com

[http://www.petewoodbridge.info Peter Woodbridge] is a Digital Media and Culture Lecturer in the Department of Media at Coventry University and Course Director for the [http://www.coventry.ac.uk/course-structure/2014/school-of-art-and-design/undergraduate-degree/digital-media-ba/ Digital Media BA (Hons) Degree]. His research includes instigating a number of innovations in Open Culture within the Creative Arts and Humanities, including leading the development on transmedia projects which have helped to make thousands of hours of Open Educational Resources available freely online. This includes working across a number of platform and application development projects within Higher Education. He has a number of publications and book chapters in the area of digital media and the creative arts. He is also co-founder of the Liquid Theory TV project and an Open Class in Creative Activism. His current research focuses on critical performativity in digital media; addressing digital participation, access and new modes of co-collaboration in the digital sphere.

The Unborn Human

2013-05-31T15:39:39Z

Pete: added cover

[[Image:Unborn_human_3.jpg|right|318x450px|Unborn_human_3.jpg]]

[http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/ISBN_Numbers ISBN: 978-1-60785-xxx-x]

''edited by'' [http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/The_Unborn_Human/bio Deborah Lupton]
__TOC__
== '''Introduction: Conceptualising and Configuring the Unborn Human'''  ==
Unborn human organisms – embryos and foetuses – experience an unprecedented level of discursive prominence in the contemporary era. Debates about the moral status of the unborn, about their claims to personhood and whether they should be treated as full human subjects, have been ongoing for a long time, particularly in areas related to religious philosophy, bioethics and abortion politics. Over the past half-century, however, these debates have become more diversified, intense and complex in response to a number of social, technological and economic changes. More so than at any other time in human history, embryos and foetuses are represented in public forums as beautiful, precious, vulnerable creatures that require the utmost levels of protection. They are commonly positioned as already fully human, indeed as already infants, and hence as deserving of the rights and privileges accorded the infant. ([http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/The_Unborn_Human/Introduction more]) <br>

== Debates Over Unborn Personhood ==
; P Kreeft : [http://catholiceducation.org/articles/abortion/ab0004.html Human personhood begins at conception]
; R George and P Lee : [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2672893 Embryonic human persons. Talking Point on morality and human embryo research]
; J Barry : [http://collections.nlm.nih.gov/muradora/objectView.action?pid=nlm:nlmuid-101161766-bk Medico-Christian Embryology, or the Unborn Child (From the Earliest Period of its Existence)]

== Mourning and Remembering the Lost Unborn ==
; M Kelley and S Trinidad : [http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2393/12/137 Silent loss and the clinical encounter: parents’ and physicians’ experiences of stillbirth – a qualitative analysis]
; D Davidson : [http://www.socresonline.org.uk/16/1/6.html Reflections on doing research grounded in my experience of perinatal loss: from auto/biography to autoethnography]
; S Murphy and H Thomas : [http://www.socresonline.org.uk/18/1/16.html Stillbirth and loss: family practices and display]
; [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1MGndijGHg4&feature=related Memorial video for pregnancy loss]

== Struggles Over Dealing with the Unwanted Unborn ==
; A Moscrop : [http://mh.bmj.com/content/early/2013/02/20/medhum-2012-010284.full ‘Miscarriage or abortion?’ Understanding the medical language of pregnancy loss in Britain; a historical perspective]
; W Tong, W Low, Y Wong, S Choong and R Jegasothy : [http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/12/743 Exploring pregnancy termination experiences and needs among Malaysian women: a qualitative study]
; [http://worldabortionlaws.com/map/ The World’s Abortion Laws 2013 website]
; N Zamberlin, M Romero and S Ramos : [http://www.reproductive-health-journal.com/content/9/1/34 Latin American women’s experiences with medical abortion in settings where abortion is legally restricted]
; S Barot : [http://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/gpr/15/4/gpr150407.html Governmental coercion in reproductive decision making: see it both ways]
; S Childs and E Evans : [http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/politicsandpolicy/archives/27716 The revived debate on abortion is not simply dog whistle politics, but a threat to women’s rights]
; A Peck : [http://thinkprogress.org/health/2013/02/12/1576881/personhood-map/?mobile=nc Personhood advocates continue war on women’s rights despite growing list of defeats]
; [http://www.personhoodusa.com/ Personhood USA website]
; [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AJIKe9eJLh4&feature=related ‘The Miracle of Life’ (excerpt from an anti-abortion film)]
; N Stotland : [http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/article.aspx?articleid=172914 Abortion: social context, psychodynamic implications]
; D Murphy : [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC404517 My foetus (review of documentary of this name)]

== Assessing the Quality of the Unborn ==
; S Wang : [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3238312 The past, present, and future of embryo selection in in vitro fertilization]
; A Theodosiou and M Johnson: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3101706/ The politics of human embryo research and the motivation to achieve PGD]
; [http://www.rcog.org.uk/termination-pregnancy-fetal-abnormality-england-scotland-and-wales Termination of Pregnancy for Fetal Abnormality in England, Scotland and Wales]
; S Aksoy : [http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6939/2/3 Antenatal screening and its possible meaning from the unborn baby's perspective]
; F Place : [http://journal.media-culture.org.au/index.php/mcjournal/article/viewArticle/53 Amniocentesis and motherhood: how prenatal testing shapes our cultural understandings of pregnancy and disability]
; [http://www.abortionanddisability.org/index.html Parliamentary Inquiry into Abortion on the Grounds of Disability]

== The Surplus Unborn Entity ==
; J Conde : [http://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmjowl/vol13/iss1/7 Embryo donation: the government adopts a cause]
; P Andrews, H Moore and A Smith : [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1469-7580.2002.00027.x/full Human embryonic stem cells: prospects for human health – a 1 day international symposium held at the University of Sheffield]
; H Greely : [http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030143 Moving human embryonic stem cells from legislature to lab: remaining legal and ethical questions]
; R Blackford : [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2564478/ Stem cell research on other worlds, or why embryos do not have a right to life]
; T Douglas and J Savulescu : [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2672894/ Destroying unwanted embryos in research. Talking Point on morality and human embryo research]
; B Manninen : [http://www.peh-med.com/content/2/1/7 Revisiting the argument from fetal potential]
; B Manninen: [http://www.peh-med.com/content/3/1/4 Are human embryos Kantian persons? Kantian considerations in favor of embryonic stem cell research]
; E Sills and S Murphy : [http://www.peh-med.com/content/4/1/8 Determining the status of non-transferred embryos in Ireland: a conspectus of case law and implications for clinical IVF practice]
; A Sagan and P Singer: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2799205/ Embryos, stem cells and moral status: a response to George and Lee]
; E Haimes and K Taylor : [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3130929 The contributions of empirical evidence to socio-ethical debates on fresh embryo donation for human embryonic stem cell research]
; S Takahashi, M Fujita, A Fujimoto, T Fujiwara, T Yano, O Tsutsumi, Y Taketani and A Akabayashi : [http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6939/13/9 The decision-making process for the fate of frozen embryos by Japanese infertile women: a qualitative study]

== Unborn Entities as Moral Work Objects ==
; W Saletan:[http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/human_nature/2012/10/shinya_yamanaka_s_nobel_prize_he_saved_embryos_not_just_stem_cell_research_.html The healer: how Shinya Yamanaka transformed the stem-cell war and made everyone a winner]
; K Ehrich, C Williams and B Farsides : [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2592482 The embryo as moral work object: PGD/IVF staff views and experiences]
; K Ehrich, C Williams and B Farsides : [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3003156/ Fresh or frozen? Classifying ‘spare’ embryos for donation to human embryonic stem cell research]
; K Ehrich, C Williams, B Farsides, J Sandall and R Scott: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2440558/ Choosing embryos: ethical complexity and relational autonomy in staff accounts of PGD]
; K Ehrich, C Williams, B Farsides and R Scott: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3378712/ Embryo futures and stem cell research: the management of informed uncertainty]

== Visualising the Unborn ==
; H Barniville : [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1288991/ The morphology and histology of a human embryo of 8.5 mm]
; [http://www.hps.cam.ac.uk/visibleembryos ‘Making Visible Embryos’ website]
; [http://www.lennartnilsson.com/child_is_born.html ‘Lennart Nilsson Photography’ website]
; [http://www.anatomicaltravel.com/ ‘The Visual MD’ (Alexander Tsiaras’s company) website]
; [http://www.visembryo.com&nbsp ‘The Visible Embryo’ website]
; [http://embryo.soad.umich.edu/ ‘The Multi Dimensional Human Embryo’ website]
; [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qi-TLTQemNU&feature=related ‘In the Womb’ (excerpt from a National Geographic documentary)]
; [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vR75Y3G8PHA&playnext=1&list=PLC2A3CE4928E3617F&feature=results_main ‘The Miracle of Life Part 1’ (excerpt from Lennart Nilsson's documentary)]
; [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fKyljukBE70 Alexander Tsiaras's TED talk about his visualisations of the unborn]
; [http://pinterest.com/dalupton/sociology-of-the-unborn ‘The Sociology of the Unborn’ Pinterest board]
; E Tansey and D Christie (eds) : [http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/2075 Looking At the Unborn: Historical Aspects of Obstetric Ultrasound]
; N Reissland, B Francis, J Mason and K Lincoln : [http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0024081 Do facial expressions develop before birth?]
; [http://pinterest.com/dalupton/the-ultrasound-as-cultural-artefact ‘The Ultrasound as Cultural Artefact’ Pinterest board]

== Risk and Maternal Responsibility ==
; T A Helme : [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2358178 An address on the unborn child: its care and rights]
; B Rhetta : [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2622137 A plea for the lives of the unborn]
; I Monie : [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1515272/ Influence of the environment on the unborn]
; J Machado, P Filho, G Petersen and J Chatkin : [http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2393/11/24 Quantitative effects of tobacco smoking exposure on the maternal-fetal circulation]
; C Spong : [http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030196 Protection against prenatal alcohol-induced damage]
; S Yazdani, Y Yosofniyapasha, B Nasab, M Mojaveri and Z Bouzari : [http://www.biomedcentral.com/1756-0500/5/34 Effect of maternal body mass index on pregnancy outcome and newborn weight]
; E Saastad, B Winje, B Pedersen, B. Stray and Froen, J. Frederick : [http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0028482 Fetal movement counting improved identification of fetal growth restriction and perinatal outcomes – a multi-centre, randomized, control trial]
; P Lowe, E Lee and L Yardley : [http://www.socresonline.org.uk/15/4/2.html Under the influence? The construction of foetal alcohol syndrome in UK newspapers]
; K McDonald, L Amir and M-A Davey : [http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/11/S5/S5 Maternal bodies and medicines: a commentary on risk and decision-making of pregnant and breastfeeding women and health professionals]
; A Maas, C Vreeswijk, E de Cock, C Rijk and H van Bakel : [http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2393/12/46 'Expectant parents': study protocol of a longitudinal study concerning prenatal (risk) factors and postnatal infant development, parenting, and parent-infant relationships]
; E Beveridge, H Anath and H Scurlock: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC539404 What protection for the unborn child of a psychologically vulnerable adult?]
; J Dayan, C Creveuil, M Dreyfus, M Herlicoviez, J-M Baleyte and V O’Keane : [http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0012942 Developmental model of depression applied to prenatal depression: role of past and present life events, post emotional disorders and pregnancy stress]
; S Ratnapalan, Y Bentur and G Koren : [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2585137 Doctor, will that x-ray harm my unborn child?]
; H Bayrampour, M Heaman, K Duncan and S Tough : [http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2393/12/100 Advanced maternal age and risk perception: a qualitative study]
; R Westfall and C Benoit : [http://www.socresonline.org.uk/13/3/4.html Interpreting compliance and resistance to medical dominance in women’s accounts of their pregnancies]
; S Viaux-Savalon, M Dommergues, O Rosenblum, M Bodeau, E Aidane, O Philippon, P Mazet, C Vibert-Guigue, D Vauthier-Brouzes, R Feldman and D Cohen : [http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0030935 Prenatal ultrasound screening: false positive soft markers may alter maternal representations and mother-infant interaction]

== Bringing the Maternal Body Back In ==
; J Souza, A Oliveira-Neto, F Surita, J Cecatti, E Amaral and J Pinto e Silva: [http://www.reproductive-health-journal.com/content/3/1/3 The prolongation of somatic support in a pregnant woman with brain-death: a case report]
; D Riggs and C Due : [http://www.outskirts.arts.uwa.edu.au/volumes/volume-22/ Gay men, race and surrogacy in India]
; A Bosanquet : [http://www.outskirts.arts.uwa.edu.au/volumes/volume-22/bosanquet An image carnal and divine: angels playing with placenta]

== '''[http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/The_Unborn_Human/Attributions Attributions]''' ==

== A 'Frozen' PDF Version of this Living Book ==
; [http://livingbooksaboutlife.org/pdfs/The_Unborn_Human.pdf Download a 'frozen' PDF version of this book as it appeared on 25th May 2013]

File:Unborn human 3.jpg

2013-05-31T15:37:32Z

Pete: uploaded a new version of "File:Unborn human 3.jpg": Smaller resolution image

== Summary ==
Cover for 'The Unborn Human' Living Book About Life. Image by Ed Uthman used under a Creative Commons attribution Licence.
== Licensing ==
{{cc-by-2.5}}

File:Unborn human 3.jpg

2013-05-31T15:33:59Z

Pete: Cover for 'The Unborn Human' Living Book About Life. Image by Ed Uthman used under a Creative Commons attribution Licence.

== Summary ==
Cover for 'The Unborn Human' Living Book About Life. Image by Ed Uthman used under a Creative Commons attribution Licence.
== Licensing ==
{{cc-by-2.5}}