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[[Image:PartiallifeCover1.jpg|right|318x450px|PartiallifeCover1.jpg]]  
[[Image:PartiallifeCover1.jpg|right|318x450px|PartiallifeCover1.jpg]]
Partial Life and the Semi-Living


''edited by'' Oron Catts and Ionat Zurr
[http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/ISBN_Numbers ISBN: 978-1-60785-269-8]
 
''edited by'' [http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/Partial_Life/bio Oron Catts and Ionat Zurr]
__TOC__
 
== [http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/Partial_life/Introduction Introduction]  ==


__TOC__
==[http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/Partial_life/Introduction Introduction]==
This Living Book is partially living – it is about the semi-living and partial lives, about tissues without a body. While the biological body cannot survive without organs and cells, the latter two groups can survive in a technological body, which has been removed and separated from their original biological body. They are living fragments of biological bodies, forms of lab-grown life which have been reconfigured, mixed and remixed, reappropriated, recontextualised and instrumentalised. The semi-living thus require a different epistemological and ontological understanding as well as a different consideration and, by extension, a different taxonomy of life. The liminality of this kind of technological approach to life can lead to a form of fetishism -- ''Neolifism''. The semi-living and partial lives are a new class of objects or beings. In most cases they consist of living and non-living materials; of cells and/or tissues from a complex organism which have been grown over, or into, constructed scaffolds and subsequently kept alive with an artificial support. They are both similar and different from other human artefacts (Homo sapiens’ extended phenotype), such as constructed objects and selectively bred domestic plants and animals (both pets and husbandry). These entities are living biological systems which are artificially designed and which, in their isolation, construction, growth and maintenance, need technological intervention. [http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/Partial_life/Introduction (more...)]  
This Living Book is partially living – it is about the semi-living and partial lives, about tissues without a body. While the biological body cannot survive without organs and cells, the latter two groups can survive in a technological body, which has been removed and separated from their original biological body. They are living fragments of biological bodies, forms of lab-grown life which have been reconfigured, mixed and remixed, reappropriated, recontextualised and instrumentalised. The semi-living thus require a different epistemological and ontological understanding as well as a different consideration and, by extension, a different taxonomy of life. The liminality of this kind of technological approach to life can lead to a form of fetishism -- ''Neolifism''. The semi-living and partial lives are a new class of objects or beings. In most cases they consist of living and non-living materials; of cells and/or tissues from a complex organism which have been grown over, or into, constructed scaffolds and subsequently kept alive with an artificial support. They are both similar and different from other human artefacts (Homo sapiens’ extended phenotype), such as constructed objects and selectively bred domestic plants and animals (both pets and husbandry). These entities are living biological systems which are artificially designed and which, in their isolation, construction, growth and maintenance, need technological intervention. [http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/Partial_life/Introduction (more...)]  


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=== Precursors of the Semi-Living  ===
=== Precursors of the Semi-Living  ===


[http://www.slpowermuseum.com/equipment/cypher/cyphersManual.pdf Standard of the World Cyphers Incubator Company, Buffalo N.Y., U.S.A. Annual catalogue, published 1896]
;[http://www.slpowermuseum.com/equipment/cypher/cyphersManual.pdf Standard of the World Cyphers Incubator Company, Buffalo N.Y., U.S.A. Annual catalogue, published 1896]


[http://www.archive.org/details/poultrygrowersgu00cyph Poultry Growers' Guide for 1912, published by Buffalo, Cyphers Incubator Co.]  
;[http://www.archive.org/details/poultrygrowersgu00cyph Poultry Growers' Guide for 1912, published by Buffalo, Cyphers Incubator Co.]


Dr Lawrence M. Gartner and Dr Carol B. Gartner<br> [http://www.neonatology.org/classics/nic.nih1985.pdf The Care of Premature Infants: Historical Perspective]
;Dr Lawrence M. Gartner and Dr Carol B. Gartner&nbsp;
:[http://www.neonatology.org/classics/nic.nih1985.pdf The Care of Premature Infants: Historical Perspective]


=== The History of Tissue Culture  ===
=== The History of Tissue Culture  ===


Alexis Carrel
;Alexis Carrel&nbsp;
[http://jem.rupress.org/content/15/5/516.full.pdf On the Permanent Life of Tissues Outside of the Organism]  
:[http://jem.rupress.org/content/15/5/516.full.pdf On the Permanent Life of Tissues Outside of the Organism]  
 
;Alexis Carrel and Montrose T. Burrows&nbsp;
Alexis Carrel and Montrose T. Burrows
:[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2125263/pdf/387.pdf Cultivation of Tissues In Vitro and Its Technique]  
 
;Alexis Carrel and Montrose T. Burrows&nbsp;
[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2125263/pdf/387.pdf Cultivation of Tissues In Vitro and Its Technique]  
:[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2124775/pdf/244.pdf An Addition to the Technique of the Cultivation of Tissues In Vitro]  
 
;Alexis Carrel&nbsp;
Alexis Carrel and Montrose T. Burrows
:[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2125069/pdf/287.pdf Contributions to the Study of the Mechanism of the Growth of Connective Tissue]  
 
;J. A. Witkowski&nbsp;
[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2124775/pdf/244.pdf An Addition to the Technique of the Cultivation of Tissues In Vitro]  
:[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1082475/pdf/medhist00098-0025.pdf Alexis Carrel and the Mysticism of Tissue Culture]  
 
;Alexis Carrel&nbsp;
Alexis Carrel
:[http://quantumfieldtheory.org/ALEXIS%20CARREL%20Man%20the%20Unknown%201935.pdf ''Man, the Unknown'']  
 
;Julian Huxley&nbsp;
[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2125069/pdf/287.pdf Contributions to the Study of the Mechanism of the Growth of Connective Tissue]
:[http://www.revolutionsf.com/fiction/tissue/index.html The Tissue Culture King]
 
J. A. Witkowski
 
[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1082475/pdf/medhist00098-0025.pdf Alexis Carrel and the Mysticism of Tissue Culture]
 
Alexis Carrel
 
[http://quantumfieldtheory.org/ALEXIS%20CARREL%20Man%20the%20Unknown%201935.pdf ''Men, the Unknown'']  
 
Julian Huxley
 
[http://www.revolutionsf.com/fiction/tissue/index.html The Tissue Culture King]


=== The Plasticity of Cell Lines  ===
=== The Plasticity of Cell Lines  ===


[http://www.atcc.org/ATCCAdvancedCatalogSearch/ProductDetails/tabid/452/Default.aspx?ATCCNum=CCL-2&Template=cellBiology About the ATCC-LGC Standards Partnership, which facilitates the distribution of ATCC cultures and bioproducts to life science researchers throughout Europe and India]
;[http://www.atcc.org/ATCCAdvancedCatalogSearch/ProductDetails/tabid/452/Default.aspx?ATCCNum=CCL-2&Template=cellBiology About the ATCC-LGC Standards Partnership, which facilitates the distribution of ATCC cultures and bioproducts to life science researchers throughout Europe and India]  
 
;Stephen J. O'Brien&nbsp;
Stephen J. O'Brien
:[http://www.pnas.org/content/98/14/7656.full.pdf Cell Culture Forensics]  
 
;Brendan P. Lucey, Walter A. Nelson-Rees and Grover M. Hutchins&nbsp;
[http://www.pnas.org/content/98/14/7656.full.pdf Cell Culture Forensics]  
:[http://www.archivesofpathology.org/doi/full/10.1043/1543-2165-133.9.1463 Henrietta Lacks, HeLa Cells, and Cell Culture Contamination]
 
Brendan P. Lucey, Walter A. Nelson-Rees and Grover M. Hutchins
 
[http://www.archivesofpathology.org/doi/full/10.1043/1543-2165-133.9.1463 Henrietta Lacks, HeLa Cells, and Cell Culture Contamination]
 
== The Technoscientific Body ==
 
Mark J. Powers ''et al''.
 
[http://www.ocf.berkeley.edu/~mctbl/BiotechBioeng2002_LiverChip.pdf A Microfabricated Array Bioreactor for Perfused 3D Liver Culture]
 
Jianzhong Xi, Jacob J. Schmidt and Carlo D. Montemagno
 
[http://www.nature.com/nmat/journal/v4/n2/full/nmat1308.html Self-Assembled Microdevices Driven by Muscle]
 
Thomas Boland ''et al''.
 
[http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ar.a.10059/pdf Cell and Organ Printing 2: Fusion of Cell Aggregates in Three-Dimensional Gels]  


I. Datar and M. Betti
== The Technoscientific Body  ==


[http://www.new-harvest.org/img/files/datar_and_betti.pdf Possibilities for an In Vitro Meat Production System]  
;Mark J. Powers ''et al''.&nbsp;
:[http://www.ocf.berkeley.edu/~mctbl/BiotechBioeng2002_LiverChip.pdf A Microfabricated Array Bioreactor for Perfused 3D Liver Culture]
;Jianzhong Xi, Jacob J. Schmidt and Carlo D. Montemagno&nbsp;
:[http://www.nature.com/nmat/journal/v4/n2/full/nmat1308.html Self-Assembled Microdevices Driven by Muscle]
;Thomas Boland ''et al''.&nbsp;
:[http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ar.a.10059/pdf Cell and Organ Printing 2: Fusion of Cell Aggregates in Three-Dimensional Gels]
;I. Datar and M. Betti&nbsp;
:[http://www.new-harvest.org/img/files/datar_and_betti.pdf Possibilities for an In Vitro Meat Production System]
;P. D. Edelman ''et al''.&nbsp;
:[http://www.new-harvest.org/img/files/Invitro.pdf In Vitro Cultured Meat Production]


P. D. Edelman ''et al''.
=== Cell Fusion  ===


[http://www.new-harvest.org/img/files/Invitro.pdf In Vitro Cultured Meat Production]  
;[http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cell+fusion Cell Fusion]


=== Cell Fusion ===
== Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells  ==


[http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cell+fusion Cell Fusion]
;Jeremy P. Brockes and Anoop Kumar&nbsp;
 
:[http://www.sciencemag.org/content/310/5756/1919.full Appendage Regeneration in Adult Vertebrates and Implications for Regenerative Medicine]  
== Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells ==
;Farhan Chowdhury ''et al''.&nbsp;
 
:[http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0015655 Soft Substrates Promote Homogeneous Self Renewal of Embryonic Stem Cells via Downregulating Cell-Matrix Tractions]  
Jeremy P. Brockes and Anoop Kumar
;Hannah Landecker&nbsp;
 
:[http://www.culturemachine.net/index.php/cm/article/viewArticle/26/33%3E Living Differently in Time: Plasticity, Temporality, and Cellular Biotechnologies]
[http://www.sciencemag.org/content/310/5756/1919.full Appendage Regeneration in Adult Vertebrates and Implications for Regenerative Medicine]  
 
Farhan Chowdhury ''et al''.
 
[http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0015655 Soft Substrates Promote Homogeneous Self Renewal of Embryonic Stem Cells via Downregulating Cell-Matrix Tractions]  
 
Hannah Landecker
 
[http://www.culturemachine.net/index.php/cm/article/viewArticle/26/33%3E Living Differently in Time: Plasticity, Temporality, and Cellular Biotechnologies]  


== Semi-Living Art  ==
== Semi-Living Art  ==


Oron Catts and Ionat Zurr
;Oron Catts and Ionat Zurr&nbsp;
 
:[http://www.uoc.edu/artnodes/6/dt/eng/catts_zurr.pdf Towards a New Class of Being –The Extended Body]  
[http://www.uoc.edu/artnodes/6/dt/eng/catts_zurr.pdf Towards a New Class of Being –The Extended Body]  
;Oron Catts and Ionat Zurr&nbsp;
 
:[http://www.culturemachine.net/index.php/cm/article/view/30/37 Big Pigs, Small Wings: On Genohype and Artistic Autonomy]  
Oron Catts and Ionat Zurr
;Oron Catts, ed.&nbsp;
 
:[http://www.tca.uwa.edu.au/publication/THE_AESTHETICS_OF_CARE.pdf The Aesthetics of Care]
[http://www.culturemachine.net/index.php/cm/article/view/30/37 Big Pigs, Small Wings: On Genohype and Artistic Autonomy]  
 
Oron Catts, ed.<
 
[http://www.tca.uwa.edu.au/publication/THE_AESTHETICS_OF_CARE.pdf The Aesthetics of Care]


== Neolife  ==
== Neolife  ==


[http://www.tcaproject.org The Tissue Culture and Art Project]
;[http://www.tcaproject.org The Tissue Culture and Art Project]


[http://www.frozenark.org/ The Frozen Ark Project]
;[http://www.frozenark.org/ The Frozen Ark Project]


== [http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/Partial_life/Attributions Attributions] ==
== [http://www.livingbooksaboutlife.org/books/Partial_life/Attributions Attributions] ==
== A 'Frozen' PDF Version of this Living Book ==
; [http://livingbooksaboutlife.org/pdfs/bookarchive/Partiallife.pdf Download a 'frozen' PDF version of this book as it appeared on 7th October 2011]

Latest revision as of 13:57, 19 January 2012

PartiallifeCover1.jpg
PartiallifeCover1.jpg

ISBN: 978-1-60785-269-8

edited by Oron Catts and Ionat Zurr

Introduction

This Living Book is partially living – it is about the semi-living and partial lives, about tissues without a body. While the biological body cannot survive without organs and cells, the latter two groups can survive in a technological body, which has been removed and separated from their original biological body. They are living fragments of biological bodies, forms of lab-grown life which have been reconfigured, mixed and remixed, reappropriated, recontextualised and instrumentalised. The semi-living thus require a different epistemological and ontological understanding as well as a different consideration and, by extension, a different taxonomy of life. The liminality of this kind of technological approach to life can lead to a form of fetishism -- Neolifism. The semi-living and partial lives are a new class of objects or beings. In most cases they consist of living and non-living materials; of cells and/or tissues from a complex organism which have been grown over, or into, constructed scaffolds and subsequently kept alive with an artificial support. They are both similar and different from other human artefacts (Homo sapiens’ extended phenotype), such as constructed objects and selectively bred domestic plants and animals (both pets and husbandry). These entities are living biological systems which are artificially designed and which, in their isolation, construction, growth and maintenance, need technological intervention. (more...)

The Historical Perspective on the Semi-Living

Precursors of the Semi-Living

Standard of the World Cyphers Incubator Company, Buffalo N.Y., U.S.A. Annual catalogue, published 1896
Poultry Growers' Guide for 1912, published by Buffalo, Cyphers Incubator Co.
Dr Lawrence M. Gartner and Dr Carol B. Gartner 
The Care of Premature Infants: Historical Perspective

The History of Tissue Culture

Alexis Carrel 
On the Permanent Life of Tissues Outside of the Organism
Alexis Carrel and Montrose T. Burrows 
Cultivation of Tissues In Vitro and Its Technique
Alexis Carrel and Montrose T. Burrows 
An Addition to the Technique of the Cultivation of Tissues In Vitro
Alexis Carrel 
Contributions to the Study of the Mechanism of the Growth of Connective Tissue
J. A. Witkowski 
Alexis Carrel and the Mysticism of Tissue Culture
Alexis Carrel 
Man, the Unknown
Julian Huxley 
The Tissue Culture King

The Plasticity of Cell Lines

About the ATCC-LGC Standards Partnership, which facilitates the distribution of ATCC cultures and bioproducts to life science researchers throughout Europe and India
Stephen J. O'Brien 
Cell Culture Forensics
Brendan P. Lucey, Walter A. Nelson-Rees and Grover M. Hutchins 
Henrietta Lacks, HeLa Cells, and Cell Culture Contamination

The Technoscientific Body

Mark J. Powers et al
A Microfabricated Array Bioreactor for Perfused 3D Liver Culture
Jianzhong Xi, Jacob J. Schmidt and Carlo D. Montemagno 
Self-Assembled Microdevices Driven by Muscle
Thomas Boland et al
Cell and Organ Printing 2: Fusion of Cell Aggregates in Three-Dimensional Gels
I. Datar and M. Betti 
Possibilities for an In Vitro Meat Production System
P. D. Edelman et al
In Vitro Cultured Meat Production

Cell Fusion

Cell Fusion

Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells

Jeremy P. Brockes and Anoop Kumar 
Appendage Regeneration in Adult Vertebrates and Implications for Regenerative Medicine
Farhan Chowdhury et al
Soft Substrates Promote Homogeneous Self Renewal of Embryonic Stem Cells via Downregulating Cell-Matrix Tractions
Hannah Landecker 
Living Differently in Time: Plasticity, Temporality, and Cellular Biotechnologies

Semi-Living Art

Oron Catts and Ionat Zurr 
Towards a New Class of Being –The Extended Body
Oron Catts and Ionat Zurr 
Big Pigs, Small Wings: On Genohype and Artistic Autonomy
Oron Catts, ed. 
The Aesthetics of Care

Neolife

The Tissue Culture and Art Project
The Frozen Ark Project

Attributions

A 'Frozen' PDF Version of this Living Book

Download a 'frozen' PDF version of this book as it appeared on 7th October 2011